The Similarity Is Mostly Visual
Both spirits can be clear and high proof. After that, the comparison starts to break down. Vodka is usually designed around neutrality. Baijiu is built around aroma.
Fermentation Changes Everything
Baijiu fermentation uses qu, grain, pits, jars, and microbial environments that create dense aroma compounds before distillation. That is why baijiu can smell fruity, savory, earthy, floral, or sauce-like.
How They Drink Differently
Vodka often disappears into cocktails or is served chilled. Baijiu is usually served at room temperature in small cups, often with food and toasts. Its flavor is meant to be noticed.
If vodka is often about clean structure, baijiu is about fermented aroma and social context.